(Radio Iowa) – While the harvest of corn and soybeans was taking place across Iowa’s fields, D-N-R Fisheries employees were conducting a harvest of their own. Northeast Iowa regional fisheries supervisor, Mike Steuck, says they collect the eggs of the brown and brook trout in October and November from Iowa streams. “The brown trout are doing so well we don’t need very many of them anymore. We actually only have one stream that we are stocking fingerlings in. Almost all of our streams have naturally reproducing brown trout in them now,” he explains.

They do collect the eggs from the naturally reproducing brook trout from streams, and also have rainbow trout kept at the hatcheries to be used for stream stocking. “They typically spawn in the spring, but we have them pushed back so that they spawn in the winter — so that by the time we grow them up to be that half a pound apiece to be stocked they are ready for the streams. We stagger those spawns so we have the fish ready and we don’t have to hold them any longer than we have to,” according to Steuck.

The growing fish from all three types of trout are kept at the hatcheries and fed and raised to be stocked.  He says it takes about 15 months from the egg stage until they get to be about 15 inches and then they get stocked. Steuk says efforts to improve the water quality in Iowa’s streams have been paying off. “They are, we are seeing more and more natural reproduction as we work with our conservation partners in the watershed to reduce sedimentation and nutrients into our system,” Steuk says. “We stock fish with the right genetics, and the stream has suitable habitat and good water quality, then they do just fine.”

Trout thrive in the cooler waters of northeast Iowa, and they are a fish you can seek out any time of the year. “We don’t close the trout season in Iowa where they do in Minnesota and Wisconsin. You can fish year-round for trout,” Steuck says. “And because those streams are spring fed, that water is 50 degrees coming out of the ground, they never freeze in the winter. So you can fish on a day that is around 30-32 degrees. If the sun is shining that line doesn’t ice up — and you can still go trout fishing and catch some nice fish.”

You need an Iowa fishing license and a trout stamp to fish for trout here. You can find out more about trout fishing on the D-N-R’s website.

(Radio Iowa) – Cow-calf producers hit by this year’s drought in northwest Iowa are dealing with a host of challenges. Iowa State University Extension and Outreach has scheduled a series of drought recovery meetings next month to offer advice on pasture repair and what financial assistance is available. Iowa State Extension beef specialist Beth Doran says the big question is how quickly pastures will recover after cows grazing on the land ate grasses nearly down to the roots. “We know that in some cases maybe those pastures, there’s been some grasses and legumes like clovers and alfalfa that may die out this winter,” she says, “so they might have to go back in and do some reseeding come this spring.”

Dustin Puhrmann says his 20 cows grazed his O’Brien County pastures down further than he would’ve liked to see this past summer. The grass didn’t get enough moisture to grow back. Puhrmann says many farmers he worked with had to give their cows and calves supplemental proteins and feed to get through the summer months. Now, farmers buying hay in the winter are paying more. “To feed those cows is going to cost me a lot more money this winter to get them back to where they’re grazing again next summer,” he says. According to Iowa State University extension, there are about six-thousand cattle feedlots in Iowa where STEERS are fed and sold, but thousands of other Iowa farmers raise cows and calves on pasture ground, selling the calves when they’re around a year old.

(Reporting by Iowa Public Radio’s Katie Peikes)

(Radio Iowa) – Iowa’s largest manufacturing employer is partnering with a Chicago-area company to reduce harmful emissions from its equipment by replacing diesel fuel with ethanol. Quad Cities-based John Deere is working with ClearFlame Engine Technologies of Geneva, Illinois, where C-E-O B-J Johnson says their initial work was on a Cummins X-15 engine from an on-road semi.  “The partnership with Deere and the investment from Deere is going to allow us to move that over to one of their engine platforms, to use across a range of applications like agriculture and construction, do an engine demo with them,” Johnson says, “and then towards the end of next year ideally translate that into an actual field demo of the technology on a piece of equipment.”

The goal will be to migrate the technology into tractors, combines, excavators and other heavy equipment. Johnson says the next step is for Deere to supply an engine that’s used in a range of its equipment, which ClearFlame will modify in its lab.  “It changes only about 10 or 15% of the parts of the engine. The largest change is just making the fuel injection system compatible with a different fuel, like ethanol, and the rest of it is optimizing the engine to run at a higher temperature,” Johnson says. “Basically, if you get a diesel engine to run a little bit hotter, then you’re freed to use a whole wider range of fuels.”

Johnson says using corn-based ethanol instead of diesel can reduce carbon dioxide emissions by 45 to 50 percent, with even bigger reductions possible in the future. The word “burning” doesn’t always have to be bad, Johnson says, as it depends on what you’re burning.  “If you’re burning a fossil fuel, yes, that is absolutely bad, but we’ve got liquid fuels today that are 50% cleaner than that because they come from renewable sources,” Johnson says, “and the Renewable Fuels Association has a goal to get to carbon-neutral ethanol by 2035.”

Johnson says this research could help boost the rural economy, especially in Iowa, the nation’s number-one ethanol producer. Today, the U-S is producing about 17 billion gallons of ethanol a year, and every one-percent of trucks converted to burning ethanol can result in the need to produce another billion gallons of the fuel.

w/Kate Olson.

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(Atlantic, Iowa) -Officials with the Cass County Conservation Service report the sponsors of the Trumpeter Swan arrival contest have determined the official arrival of the swans as November 22nd. On that day 22 Trumpeter Swans arrived at the Schildberg Recreation Area. They stayed there  for more than twenty-four hours.

The person who that picked that date was Mary Lou Hoskins. The School contest was won by Mrs. Zaiger’s Science class in Griswold School District. They will receive a Trumpeter Swan prize pack from the Cass County Conservation Board.

Cass County Conservation thanks to all who participated!

LENEXA, KAN. – (DEC. 17, 2021) – BNSF Railway Corporation has agreed to pay $1,513,750 to resolve alleged violations of the federal Clean Water Act. According to the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), BNSF released approximately 117,500 gallons of heavy crude oil when one of its freight trains derailed outside of Doon, Iowa, in June 2018, resulting in discharges to the Rock River, Little Rock River, and Burr Oak Creek.

EPA Region 7 Administrator Meg McCollister says “Illegal discharges of oil into streams, rivers and wetlands present a significant threat to human health and the environment. EPA is committed to protecting our nation’s waterways and will ensure that Clean Water Act protections are upheld.” The EPA says the derailment occurred during heavy flooding in the area. Impacts from the oil spill included an evacuation order for nearby residents, elevated levels of hazardous substances within the affected site, closure of nearby drinking water wells, destruction of crops, and deaths of at least three animals.

BNSF, headquartered in Fort Worth, Texas, operates one of the largest railroad networks in North America. Discharges of pollutants, including oil, into federally protected waterways are violations of the Clean Water Act.

(Atlantic, Iowa) – The Valley Business Park Board held a sale for the land at the Cass County Community Center, Thursday. The property sold for $16,000 per acre. The Board made the decision to sell the property back in October, 2021. The Park contains 156 acres of property located at the intersection of I-80 and Highway 71 in both Cass County and Audubon Counties. Iowa Land Co handled the auction.

Valley Business Park aerial outline (Via Atlanticiowa.com/cadco)

(Des Moines, Iowa) – State forestry experts are encouraging Iowans to proceed with caution as they begin cleaning up the tree damage from Wednesday’s storm. Emma Hanigan, urban forestry coordinator for the Iowa Department of Natural Resources, suggests homeowners hire a tree care professional if they do not have the experience, ability, and equipment to safely prune their own tree. Homeowners planning to do their own tree cleanup should wear safety equipment, including hand, foot, leg, eye, face, hearing and head protection, and avoid wearing loose-fitting clothes while using a chainsaw. “Be careful when working with trees and limbs that are snapped off, twisted and tangled together,” warns Hanigan. “The trunk or tree limbs may bind against the chainsaw.”

After cleanup is complete, homeowners wanting to have their trees inspected should contact a professional, insured arborist. The arborist can examine trees for cracks or other issues that might have been overlooked. Routine tree care of young trees makes them more resilient long term and decreases the likelihood of storm-related damage. Hanigan said younger wind-thrown trees can be saved by staking and guying, but larger trees are less likely to recover. When the time is right, homeowners who have lost trees are encouraged to replant.

The Iowa DNR has information and links to help homeowners identify and select a licensed arborist, and tips on chain saw safety, pruning and tree care and replanting online at https://www.iowadnr.gov/urbanforestry

w/Kate Olson.

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(Des Moines, Iowa) – The Iowa DNR is asking for your help in learning more about the secretive Gray Fox species.

Gray fox were listed as a Species of Greatest Conservation Need in Iowa in 2015 based on a decline in the gray fox population observed over the past 25 years. Similar trends have been noted in several other Midwestern states. The gray fox is smaller than coyotes and red foxes. Adult gray foxes typically weigh 10 – 12 lbs. They are mostly gray with patches of reddish, tan fur down the side of their neck and body. A distinct black line extends down the top of their tail. Their face also has distinct black and white markings.

The gray fox population decline in Iowa is correlated with increases in the population of coyotes, raccoons, and bobcats. Increasing coyote and bobcat populations may affect gray fox populations through competition and predation. Raccoons may impact gray fox populations through the spread of disease, particularly canine distemper virus.

Small Gray Fox

Canine distemper is common in raccoons, and gray fox are highly susceptible to this lethal disease. Changes in our forests habitat may also contribute to lower gray fox numbers. Mature, even-aged forests don’t support the prey base needed for gray fox. However, the cause or causes of the decrease in the Iowa gray fox population is unknown. A combination of these factors, as well as potential other unknown factors, may have contributed to their decline.

The Iowa Dept. of Natural Resources wildlife staff monitors the gray fox population in Iowa through surveys and harvest annually. For example, the Iowa Bowhunter Observation Survey began in 2004, and currently provides annual data upon which to base population trend analysis. Bowhunters record the amount of time they spend in the field, and the number of gray fox (along with other species of wildlife) they see during each hunt outing.

The bowhunter observation survey allows us to standardize the number of sightings based on the amount of time or effort spent bowhunting, resulting in an index that provides insight into trends in furbearer populations such as gray fox. The Iowa Dept. of Natural Resources wildlife research staff are initiating efforts to conduct a pilot study to monitor and gather information on gray foxes, so we can begin the process of understanding the causes of their population decline. Due to their already low numbers, you can help out the DNR by providing them with gray fox locations!

The DNR is asking for information on any sightings or recent trail cam images (within the last 6 Months) of gray foxes that are alive. Just send an email or call Dave Hoffman or Vince Evelsizer with location information such as GPS coordinates or Twp,Rge,Sec. Dropping and sending a pin works great too.

Dave Hoffman – Iowa DNR Wildlife Phone: 641-425-0737; Email: david.hoffman@dnr.iowa.gov

Vince Evelsizer – Iowa DNR Wildlife Phone: 641-231-1522  Email: vince.evelsizer@dnr.iowa.gov

If you find a dead gray fox (roadkill, trapped, hunted, other) that’s in decent condition, we’d be interested in having the carcass for further examination/necropsy. Please contact Rachel Ruden (Iowa DNR Vet) or Vince Evelsizer if you do have one.  Rachel Ruden – Iowa DNR Wildlife Veterinarian Phone: 515-823-8544; Email: Rachel.ruden@dnr.iowa.gov